EU txav mus rau Zero Waste Management Mechanism
Jan 20, 2024| Nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm nroog loj nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no niaj hnub no, nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb nce nyob rau hauv cov theem ntawm kev noj cov neeg nyob hauv nroog, tus nqi ntawm cov khib nyiab hauv nroog (feem ntau hu ua khib nyiab) tau qhia ib qho kev loj hlob xav tsis thoob. Ntau yam teeb meem ib puag ncig tsim los ntawm kev pov tseg thiab pov tseg tau dhau los ua cov teeb meem loj uas cov nroog loj thoob ntiaj teb ntsib.
Kev tswj hwm ntawm ib puag ncig hauv nroog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev kho kom zoo ntawm cov khib nyiab hauv nroog, ib txwm muaj kev txhawj xeeb loj hauv kev tsim cov nroog ntsuab thiab cov pa roj carbon tsawg hauv European Union.
Hais txog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab ua tiav kev sib koom tes ntawm kev lag luam, zej zog, thiab ib puag ncig yog qhov kev txhawb nqa yooj yim rau cov qauv kev loj hlob ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Cov teb chaws Europe nruj me ntsis tswj cov pov tseg pov tseg, thiab lawv lub peev xwm tswj cov khib nyiab hauv nroog yeej ib txwm nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb. Nrog kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm lub nroog zoo li thiab nyob ib puag ncig, ntau thiab ntau lub nroog nyob sab Europe tam sim no hu ua lub nroog vaj.
Txij li xyoo 2010, Tebchaws Europe tau ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas lub nroog ntsuab, xaiv lub nroog uas yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg, ecological, ntsuab, thiab tsim nyog rau tib neeg lub neej nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Europe txhua xyoo, dhau los ua "European Environmental Capital" xyoo ntawd, txhawm rau txhawb qis. -carbon thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig kev tsim kho hauv EU lub nroog.
1, Kev txhim kho kev tswj cov khib nyiab tsis tu ncua thiab cov tshuab
Raws li qhov chaw yug ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam kev vam meej, European lub teb chaws tau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ib puag ncig kev puas tsuaj nrog rau kev lag luam kev vam meej thiab kev vam meej. Kev tswj cov khib nyiab hauv nroog hauv European Union tau pib ua ntej thiab tam sim no tau tsim kom muaj kev tswj xyuas cov khib nyiab hauv nroog.
Hauv kev teb rau qhov teeb meem ntawm "khoom khib nyiab" lossis "kev puas tsuaj khib nyiab", cov tswvcuab ntawm European Community pib tsim cov kev cai thaum ntxov li xyoo 1970 los txo cov teeb meem ib puag ncig los ntawm cov khib nyiab.
Xyoo 1992, Tebchaws Europe tau tsim muaj kev sib koom ua lag luam loj, thiab cov tswvcuab hauv lub tebchaws European tau ua tiav plaub qhov loj ntawm cov khoom, cov neeg ua haujlwm, peev, thiab cov kev pabcuam, txhawb kev txhim kho hauv nroog. Lub agglomeration ntawm cov pej xeem hauv nroog kuj ua rau muaj kev nce hauv cov khoom pov tseg, thiab vim li ntawd, European Union tau nce nws txoj kev tswj hwm pov tseg mus rau qib kev sib tw.
European Community Waste Strategy tau tshaj tawm thaum Lub Xya Hli 30, 1996. Lub tswv yim tau hloov kho thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 21, 2005. Lub tswv yim no tau ua lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv kev tsim cov pej xeem ib puag ncig kev paub thiab coj kev pov tseg pov tseg zoo.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, EU tau maj mam txhim kho nws cov lus qhia pov tseg ntawm qib kev tswj hwm. Xyoo 1998, EU Txoj Cai Pov Hwm Pov Hwm tau tshaj tawm los hloov Cov Lus Qhia 442 ntawm 1975 thiab Cov Lus Qhia 156 ntawm 1991.
Cov lus qhia no qhia meej txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov ntsiab lus hais txog kev tswj cov khib nyiab, xws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khib nyiab, rov ua dua tshiab, thiab rov ua dua tshiab. Cov lus qhia tsim cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tswj cov khib nyiab: kev pov tseg pov tseg yuav tsum ua ntej raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsis ua mob rau tib neeg lub neej thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau ib puag ncig, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau dej zoo, huab cua, av, thiab thaj chaw nyob ntawm tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag. .
Lwm cov hauv paus ntsiab lus suav nrog cov pa phem them cov ntsiab lus thiab lub luag haujlwm txuas ntxiv rau tus tsim khoom. Cov lus qhia tseem muaj cov cai tshwj xeeb rau kev kho cov khoom pov tseg thiab cov roj pov tseg, txhawm rau ua kom tiav tus nqi rov ua dua ntawm 50% thiab 70% rau tsev neeg thiab cov khoom siv pov tseg los ntawm 2020, raws li.
Hauv xyoo 2008, European Union tau hloov kho raws sijhawm xyoo 1998 ntawm Txoj Cai Tswjfwm Ntiag Tug, uas suav nrog tag nrho cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev faib cov khib nyiab, cov npe pov tseg, thiab 15 yam xwm txheej uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau pov tseg. Nws kuj tau thov thawj zaug ntawm qhov kev txiav txim tseem ceeb ntawm kev pov tseg cov khib nyiab pov tseg, taw qhia tias qhov chaw pov tseg raws li cov txheej txheem tom qab ua tiav yog ib txoj kev kho mob uas yuav tsum tau txais tsuas yog thaum rov ua dua thiab rov ua dua tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav raws li cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis uas twb muaj lawm.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov kev cai tseem ceeb ntawm Txoj Cai Pov Hwm Pov Hwm, EU kuj tau tsim cov kev cai pov tseg thiab kev tua hluav taws, cov cai tswj kev thauj mus los pov tseg (2006), thiab lwm yam, thiab muab cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau kev pov tseg cov roj pov tseg, cov roj teeb pov tseg, cov tsheb khib nyiab, Cov ntaub ntawv ntim khoom pov tseg, thiab lwm yam. Yeej, tag nrho cov khoom pov tseg uas tau muab cais tawm hauv Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Pov Hwm Pov Hwm yog raug cai tshwj xeeb rau kev pov tseg.